A major focus of this year's discussions was to expand cooperation on renewable energy and combating climate change.
This comes after Chinese President Xi Jinping and US President Barack Obama met in Beijing last November and made a joint announcement on curbing carbon emissions.
Speaking at a joint session on climate change, China's Vice Premier Wang Yang said China and the US are two of the world's biggest greenhouse gas emitters, and both need to serve as a model for other countries.
"As one of the biggest carbon emission countries, China inevitably has to shoulder its responsibility. But what China needs to do is somewhat different from those developed countries, given its capabilities," Wang said.