重点讲解：
1. take off
请假；休假；告假；
eg. Mitchel's schedule had not permitted him to take time off.
米切尔的日程安排使他无法休假。
eg. She took two days off work.
她休了两天假。
2. instead of
代替…；而不是…；
eg. Instead of moving at his usual stately pace, he was almost running.
他没像平时那样优雅庄重地走着，而是几乎跑了起来。
eg. She chose happiness instead of wealth.
她宁愿要幸福而舍弃财富。
3. apply for
申请；请求；
eg. She graduated with high enough marks to apply for university.
她的毕业成绩足以申请上大学。
eg. He encouraged me to apply for the job.
他鼓励我去应征那份工作。
4. cut short
终止；中断；打断；
eg. His glittering career was cut short by a heart attack.
他辉煌的事业因心脏病发作而被迫终止。
eg. Jackson cut short his trip to Africa.
杰克逊提前结束了他的非洲之行。
