七、补语：主语补足语(补充说明主语的情况，又称表语)、宾语补足语(补充说明宾语的情况)在写作中常做宾语补足语的有形容词和To do 两种。
1形容词：Many people find this experienceawful.
2To do: Advertisements often urge peopleto buy goods they do not need.
八、同位语：句子中的两种成份表达同一种概念，即A=B称之为同位语。在写作中常做同位语的有名词和从句两种。
1名词：We should learn from the past,the mirror of the present and the hope of the future.
2从句：University students should bear total expenses for their tuition on the generalizationthat university students usually earn much more than people without a degree.
九、插入语
插入语是说话者对所表达意思的补充、强调、解释或者说话的态度，其位置灵活，常常用逗号或破折号与其它成分隔开，并且在语法上不影响其他成分。书面表达要求语言连贯、地道，恰当使用插入语，可以给文章增色不少。在写作中常用的插入语如下。
1Indeed的确，
2Surely无疑，
3However然而，
4Obviously显然，
5Frankly坦率地说，
6Naturally自然，
7Luckily (或happily)for somebody,算某人幸运，
8Fortunately/Luckily幸好，
9Honestly真的，
10Briefly简单地说,
11Strange to say说也奇怪，
12 Needless to say不用说，
13Most important of all最为重要是，
13Worse still更糟糕的是，
14Ina few words(或in sum，in short)简而言之，
15Inother words换句话说