Ⅴ. 改写句子(本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分)
Rewrite the following sentences as required:
57. Turn the singular nouns or noun phrases into plural forms wherever possible with other necessary changes:
The passer-by stopped and put his hand into his trouser pocket.
58. Write a counter-factual condition based on the given fact:
Alexandra the great died because of the attention from too many physicians.
59. Use modal verbs:
I just don’t believe that the line has been engaged all this time. Maybe there’s a fault on it.
60. Turn the clause into an infinitive phrase:
It’s good idea that we do not permit smoking in this area.
61. Combine sentences using coordination and / or subordination:
You are in doubt about deductions on our tax return. Call the IRS collect.
62. Combine sentences using coordination and / or subordination:
We carved their names on the stone. Our purpose was to have future generations know what they had done.
63. Combine the sentences into one that contains a relative clause:
My boss is a very considerate person. His predecessor was not a considerate person at all.
64. Rewrite the following sentence using a disjunct:
It is more important that the government should always be responsive to the public opinions.
65. Improve the following sentence:
Excessive exposure to violence on TV is more harmful than expected to children.
66. Use cleaving for place adjunct:
Jack revealed Tom’s scandal at the party.
67. Rewrite the following sentence using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:
A: Is John trying to enter Harvard Law School?
B: No, I don’t think John is trying to enter Harvard Law School. He hates lawyers.
68. Rewrite the following sentence using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:
A: Can I have these apples, Mum?
B: You just had a big apple.
69. Rewrite the following sentence using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:
I learned to pack light early in life. I had to pack light early in life.
Ⅵ. 名词解释(本大题2小题，每小题2分，共4分)
Define the following terms with examples:
70. Predictive meaning of modal auxiliaries
71. Define “ellipsis” with two examples.
Ⅶ. 简答题(本大题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分)
Answer the following questions with the help of examples:
72. List two situations in which simple present is used to refer to the past.
73. What are non-finite verbs?
74. What role does ″there″ play in the existential sentence from a communicative point of view?